Submission Instructions

• All manuscripts must be submitted via the submission system.

  Templates (Word or Latex for main text, EndNote for Reference) are available to assist authors.

  If a language editing service is required, please contact the Editorial Office.
  

• New Submission

  We encourage authors to prepare their manuscripts in Microsoft Word, as free-format submission is accepted.

  However, for manuscripts prepared in LaTeX, authors must use our LaTeX template.

  Free-Format Submission:

  Authors are not required to follow the journal’s formatting guidelines. Please ensure that all essential information necessary for peer review is included.

  Authors should ensure that:

  1. Their study and manuscript comply with the journal's ethical requirements outlined in Guidelines for Authors.

  2. Their manuscript is prepared in accurate, clear and unambiguous English.

  3. The following files and information are provided:

  (i) A Cover Letter indicating the importance of the study to the subject field;
  (ii) Manuscript file, in Word or Latex form, should include:

  • Article title
  • Authors' full names, institutional email addresses, and ORCID iD numbers where possible
  • Authors' affiliations
  • Abstract (350 words or less, no citation)
  • Keywords (4-8 words)
  • Research article should be partitioned into sections: Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results and Discussion, Conclusion
  • Figures (high-resolution images are not required at this stage, but should be clear enough for peer review)
  • Tables in editable style (not as images)
  • References (cited in numerical order in the main text, e.g., [1], [2,3], [4–6]) 
  • Supplementary materials (included in the main manuscript file or submitted separately as a ZIP file)
  • Ethics statements (e.g., Competing Interests, Sources of Funding, Availability of Data and Materials, Author Contributions)

  (iii) Written permission for any figures, tables, text quotations, etc. It is the author's responsibility to obtain all necessary permissions for the use of previously published materials;
  (iv) If authors wish to suggest or oppose potential reviewers, they should provide names and email addresses at the time of submission.

• Submission of Revision

  Authors should ensure that in revising their manuscript, they have fully addressed the comments received from the reviewers and editor(s). The following documents should be provided when submitting the revised manuscript:

  • A clean version of the revised manuscript;
  • A version highlighting (in color) all changes and corrections made to your manuscript;
  • A point-by-point response letter showing the authors’ replies to the reviewers’ and editor’s comments;
  • A graph serves as the Graphic Abstract (if has not submitted with the original submission).
  • Other documents as required by the editor.